1. The name of the product design: Tungsten sinkers (fishing sinkers -3 prism type).

2. The use of product design: fishing gear. Design elements

3. The design: product modeling.

4. The best show design elements or photographs: the main view.

5. rear view and front view of the symmetry, after omitting view.

6. The left view and right view of symmetry, a right side view is omitted.


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Purple tungsten furnace temperature control is one with a pure delay, inertia, time-varying and nonlinear characteristics in the process. Realize their intellectual control, to reduce power consumption, improve product quality, extend the life of purple tungsten furnace has a very important significance.

Purple tungsten furnace has three plus tropical, with each band by three triggers, SCR, heater, thermocouple temperature loop control circuit, the trigger signal is given by the fuzzy expert controller based on the results of intelligent control algorithm, The structure is basically the same and independent of each other, the temperature setpoint changes with slightly different processes.

Lower furnace, purple crystalline tungsten needle morphology presented; the higher the furnace, purple tungsten rod-like crystalline morphology is presented. By reduction test found that the use of purple crystalline tungsten needle preparation of tungsten powder finer, but with purple crystalline tungsten rod tungsten powder preparation phase. So in the production practice to produce more granular tungsten powder, must be adjusted through the process, the production of purple crystalline tungsten needle.

How many non-needle-shaped particles is generally used to measure the merits of purple tungsten products, APT size increased, ammonia flow rate increases, will cause an increase in non-needle purple particles of tungsten products, tungsten unity influence purple phase component; and appropriate to reduce calcination temperature, you can reduce the non-needle-shaped particles of tungsten products purple, offset the impact of these factors brought about; but drop too low, would affect the purple tungsten content, the product Pellet stove or knot. So purple tungsten furnace temperature is a very important process parameters can be used to make up and change the balance of other process parameters, so that product quality tungsten violet stabilized. Therefore, the temperature setting and monitoring, is the key to purple tungsten furnace process control.

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Purple tungsten furnace can be roughly divided into the following components: furnace, feeding mechanism, tube drive mechanism, unloading bodies aspirated and exhaust mechanism. The furnace is divided into three plus tropical, electric wire heating element is embedded in the electric panels, each with six electric panels connected to the Y-connection; feed mechanism driven by a screw feeder and electrical components, motor speed by frequency governor adjustment; tube driven by a motor and gear mechanism through sprockets, chain driven tube rotation speed of the motor by adjusting the frequency converter; unloading mechanism consists of two pneumatic valve form a discharge chamber by two Valve wheeled to aggregate and unloading, and to ensure that the furnace atmosphere and isolated; ammonia gas from the furnace into the furnace tube end, exhausted from the burner, intake manifold fitted with manual control valve trail and flow measurement instruments, the exhaust pipe connection to set water-sealed tank with liquid level alarm device.

Purple tungsten furnace temperature control is one with a pure delay, inertia, time-varying and nonlinear characteristics in the process. Realize their intellectual control, to reduce power consumption, improve product quality, extend the life of purple tungsten furnace has a very important significance.

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Carbide with high hardness, wear resistance, red hardness and high toughness, is an important tool and structural materials. But it belongs to a brittle material, there is a contradiction between the hardness and strength: the lower the intensity of high hardness; hardness and high strength is low. Conventional WC-based cemented carbide tools and materials can not meet the needs of modern industrial development, which requires the development of a high hardness, high strength and high wear resistance carbide. Carbide grain refinement and development of submicron or micron carbide can solve this problem.

Carbide grain size depends on the size of a WC grain, and difficult to produce sub-micron or micron WC is great, and in turn depends on the size of a WC grain size of tungsten powder particles. It can be seen, tungsten powder fineness and uniformity become prepare submicron or micron carbide key. There are reports of phase relative to a single component of tungsten oxide can be produced submicron or micron W and WC powder. The cyclic redox method for preparing submicron W powder processes. This method compared with the method for preparing submicron W powder at home and abroad are currently having on the process route is simple and easy, easy to control the process parameters, equipment and simple.

Purple tungsten through three successive cycles reduction, reduction process for the area temperature is 640 ℃, the second with a temperature of 760 ℃, three with a temperature of 860 ℃, for 20min when the temperature reaches 860 ℃; twice oxide, process as follows: tungsten powder slowly heating in air to 500 ℃ oxidized, for 10min when the temperature reaches 500 ℃, can be prepared in a particle size distribution between 0.11 and 0.95μm accounted for 93.68%, the specific surface area (BET) of 1.082m2 • g-1 of submicron tungsten powder.

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There are four general tungsten oxide, tungsten oxide, yellow, blue tungsten oxide, purple tungsten oxide, brown tungsten oxide. Purple tungsten oxide morphology is specific, by APT pseudo crystalline whisker-like needles formed, and blue tungsten oxide, their morphology similar with APT.

How to judge the quality of purple tungsten oxide, is a producer of research and concern; and also users of concern and must be mastered, because it directly affects the tungsten powder, tungsten carbide powder production and quality, the original purple and blue detect tungsten tungsten, yellow tungsten project the same, but the oxygen index, surface area, the proportion of false results differ. Later researchers have proposed the use of phase composition or scanning electron microscopy methods to detect and control, namely WO2.72 phase ≧ 98% or electron microscopy to detect non-needle control the number of particles (particles no needle required) these detection methods cumbersome testing costs are high, even sometimes fail to control the quality of the results. Colorimetry is a more direct control and monitoring of the quality of tungsten purple method using tungsten unique color purple, violet to several types of standard samples made of tungsten, the reference color, determine its quality. According to the producers to determine its color quality and control of purple violet tungsten tungsten production status are also available. Assay is easier detecte purple tungsten oxide quality, saving time and cost.

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1. The name of the product design: Tungsten sinkers (flying fish type).

2. The use of product design: fishing gear. Design elements

3. The design: product modeling.

4. The best show design elements or photographs: the main view.

5. rear view and front view of the symmetry, after omitting view.

6. The bottom view and a plan view of symmetry, a bottom is omitted in Fig.




Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
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Fine grain carbide due to its high toughness, high wear resistance and good high temperature strength, excellent performance in recent years, been increasingly widespread attention, the demand and applications continue to expand. Ultrafine tungsten powder, tungsten carbide powder is an important raw material for the production of fine-grain carbide powder particle size and uniformity strongly affect the performance of Carbide, how to produce a fine particle size and uniform ultrafine tungsten powder is made Take the key to ultra-fine grain carbide.

Performance tungsten oxide materials will directly affect the reduction behavior of tungsten powder and final product performance, therefore, the question about what kind of material most suitable for the production of ultra-fine tungsten powder materials science has always been of widespread concern workers. Although blue tungsten by hydrogen reduction process is currently taking the most widely used tungsten powder raw materials, as long as at low temperatures, dry hydrogen, high hydrogen flow conditions thin material layers, you can use hydrogen reduction process for the production of tungsten blue ultrafine tungsten powder, but too high hydrogen flow rate and the material layer is too thin will lead to increase in cost. Purple tungsten in recent years to develop a tungsten oxide product, its phase component WO2.72 or W18O49, due to its unique properties, in the production of ultra-fine tungsten powder reflects its superiority, many materials and metallurgy scholar have carried out their research.

Under the same conditions, the comparison of the performance difference between blue and purple tungsten tungsten production of hydrogen reduction of tungsten powder. The results show that: Compared with blue tungsten, tungsten powder size purple tungsten produced finer and more uniform, and tungsten powder particle size less affected by the amount of loading boats and hydrogen flow. And from the microscopic structure and mechanism of hydrogen reduction of raw materials analyzes the causes of both tungsten powder raw materials to produce different size and uniformity of the difference.

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At present, the production of ultra-fine tungsten powder, use purple tungsten and tungsten blue two kinds of raw materials exist simultaneously, and therefore these two materials were compared, hydrogen reduction experiments under the same conditions, compare the restored tungsten powder particle size and uniformity of the difference to determine exactly what kind of material is more suitable for the production of ultra-fine tungsten powder. From the microscopic structure and the reduction mechanism of both raw materials analyzed two kinds of raw materials caused by the tungsten powder particle size reduction of hydrogen production and uniformity of the reasons for the differences.

Tungsten oxide reduction process, the particle size will usually change. Currently, the main theoretical explanation W powder particle size reduction process variations have two:
1) growth mechanism of chemical vapor migration. Tungsten and their oxides in contact with steam, will generate a volatile hydrated tungsten oxide (WO2 (OH) 2), evaporated to a homogeneous gas phase reduction reaction occurs with the H2, the reduction product of metal tungsten has been deposited on the nucleation of on the grain, so that the tungsten powder particles grow. This process is the reaction rate, the reduction product forms and materials will change significantly compared.
2) solid-phase local chemical reaction. Solid tungsten oxide contact occurs with H2 gas - solid reaction of oxygen atoms with the gradual removal of lattice rearrangement. This process is slow reaction rate and the reduction product form does not send
Health changed.

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In recent years, ultra-fine particles as a new material, which is widely applied, ultrafine tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder as raw material for the production of ultra-fine grain carbide has also been of great concern to the metallurgical workers. Domestic and foreign production of ultrafine tungsten powder or tungsten carbide powder were a lot of research [. Currently, the preparation of ultrafine tungsten powder has three main research directions: one to the existing blue tungsten based on the improvement process; the second is the use of the new reduction methods, such as hydrogen halide reduction; the third is the use of laser, fluidized and other new technologies.

On the use of APT for raw materials, preparation of fine particles of the active hydrogen reduction of tungsten oxide in wet hydrogen conditions - Purple tungsten process was studied. The results showed that the formation conditions of tungsten and purple reduction temperature, hydrogen humidity, heating rate, raw size, material thickness and other factors, purple tungsten particle size reduction with increasing temperature, humidity, and temperature increase rate of hydrogen gas, the raw material size and the material thickness increases. With APT (10μm) as raw materials in pH2O:pH2 = 1.7:1,2h the temperature rose to 1173K, 1173K incubated at 1.5h in the conditions obtaining direct reduction purple tungsten grain size of 2.2μm.

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Before the 1950, at home and abroad tungsten powder production to more acid and yellow tungsten raw materials for production, to 60 to 70 years, the United States, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and many other countries, has generally adopted a blue tungsten acid as raw materials to replace the production of tungsten and tungsten yellow powder. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, has been completely replaced with tungsten blue and yellow tungsten acid to produce tungsten powder, so now when using the traditional process of ultrafine WC powders, the choices are basically oxide precursor Blue tungsten. Another new purple tungsten tungsten oxide, its physical indicators than blue tungsten has some improvements and enhancements, blue tungsten is a more than suitable for the production of ultra-fine powder and WC W oxide precursor powder.

Choose purple tungsten as a raw material in the traditional process conditions, can get good performance ultrafine W powder, resulting in high-quality ultrafine WC powder. Purple Tungsten W is a production of ultra-fine powder and WC powder oxide precursor fit. Use purple tungsten materials prepared for WC particles of small size and uniform particle size distribution and good, no structural gathered clumps, WC complete crystalline grains. Purple tungsten raw material, whether it is produced by W powder or WC powder, its physical properties are superior materials for blue tungsten products.

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