Tungsten oxides and tungstates are known as infrared shielding material.US 2007/0187653 discloses an infrared shielding nanoparticle dispersion comprising tungsten trioxide having reduced oxygen. In US2007/0187653, the starting materials are heat treated at a temperature 100-850℃ in an atmosphere of a reducing gas, and subsequently heat treated at a temperature of 550-1200℃ in an atmosphere of an inert gas.

Although the process for making a tungsten oxide material known from the prior art is satisfactory for some applications, there is still a need in the industry for a new process which is more simple and have a higher flexibility. Further, there is also a need for a new tungsten oxide compound having different physical properties from known tungsten oxide compounds.

It is an object of the present method to provide a new process for preparing a tungsten oxide compound which overcomes the above and/or other problems. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a tungsten oxide compound having different physical properties from known tungsten oxide compounds.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a process for making a tungsten oxide compound comprising the steps of:

a) providing an aqueous suspension comprising a tungstate and a phosphate compound;

b) heating the solution in an autoclave at a temperature of at least 200^ to obtain a reaction mixture and

c) cooling the reaction mixture to ambient temperature.

Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Different workpiece materials and cutting conditions require chipbreakers parameters are different, in order to expand the scope of tungsten carbide indexable inserts breaker groove increasing use of composite chip-breaking groove structure, compound chipbreaker geometry is some basic and simple chip-breaking groove deformation composite made of, a combination of tungsten carbide indexable inserts advantage of simple geometries. tungsten carbide indexable insert geometries are:

1. Two-stage chipbreaker geometry can fit a small amount of feed, small depth of cut width, but also to meet the large amount of feed, cutting conditions, a large depth of cut, finishing works when the primary slots, two level trough works when roughing.

2. The dorsal groove forwardly projecting nose portion of the tip portion of the structure in the groove width narrower, while the remainder of the groove width is wide, and therefore may be viewed as being composed of a tip portion and a narrow groove width of the groove of the knife compounded by the tip section. In a large depth of cut, a large amount of feed, because it is very narrow groove local tip, most of the other slot is still wide, it will not cause excessive curl chips and cutting force is too large, and because the tip section narrow slots, which in turn ensures the small depth of cut, chip breaking small amount of feed.

3. Wavy chipbreaker back structure of the main blade width along the direction of cyclical changes in its groove back rounded shape can be positive (I) or other irregular sinusoidal periodic curves. Wavy chipbreaker back structure can be seen as the wide groove and narrow groove composite made of it in a small amount of feed when the breaker can guarantee results, when a large amount of feed but also reduces drag.


 

Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

In conventional tungsten carbide cutting tools by adding a small amount (0.5% -3%) tungsten carbides (e.g. TaC, NbC, TIC, etc.), can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of tungsten carbide cutting tools without reducing its toughness, but also to improve the high temperature properties of the alloy to enhance its resistance to adhesion and proliferation-resistant wear. TIC hardness, heat resistance, bonding temperature, oxidation resistance and anti-abrasion ability than WC diffusion high, add TIC can improve these properties of the alloy, but also reduce the strength and toughness of the alloy. Add TaC and NbC can improve the alloy hardness and high temperature hardness, bonding capacity, antioxidant capacity and proliferation resistance. In addition, TaC tungsten carbide cutting tools can also improve the flexural strength, increased edge strength, strengthen the capacity and resistance to breakage edge chipping resistance. Add to WC-TIC-Co alloy suitable amount of TaC, ensure that the original heat resistance and wear resistance while also improving toughness of the alloy.

Ultrafine particles is also an increase of the base material but also improve the hardness of the material strength of the matrix method can. Ultrafine particles tungsten carbide hardness is generally 90-93HRA (higher than the average tungsten carbide 1.5-2HRA), and high-temperature hardness has been improved; the flexural strength of 2000-3500MPa, higher than the average tungsten carbide 600-80OMPa ; its toughness, chipping, even under low or intermittent cutting and other processing conditions are not easy to produce cutting edge chipping or breakage. WC grain size of fine grains generally 0.2-1.0μm, most of 0.5μm or less, a fraction to a few tenths of an ordinary tungsten carbide WC grain size. Furthermore, fine particles of the base material and the coating can also increase bonding area, to improve the bond strength, increased crack propagation resistance of the grain boundary, and thus it is possible to improve the ability of resistance to breakage tungsten carbide cutting tools.


 

Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Heavy alloy (tungsten) is a kind of material as the substrate of tungsten (W content of 85-99%), and added Ni, Cu, Co, Mo, Cr and other elements of the alloy.

Tungsten alloy composition characteristics uses are classfied into W-Ni-Fe, W-Ni-Cu, W-Co, W-WC-Cu, W-Ag and other major series, having a density of up to 16 .5-19.0g / cm3, and is the world known heavy alloy, it has a range of excellent features, heavy: General accounting for high 16.5-18.75g / cm3 ,, strength: tensile strength 700-1000Mpa, strong ability to absorb radiation: its capacity than Lead 30-40%, thermal conductivity coefficient: 5 times mold steel; thermal expansion coefficient is small: only iron or 1 / 2-1 / 3, good conductive properties of steel; has good weldability and formability . Given the high proportion of these alloys have excellent features, it is widely used in the aerospace, aviation, military, oil drilling, electrical instrumentation, medical and other industries.

Medical tungsten alloy ray mask material: tungsten alloy (heavy alloy) multi-leaf collimators (MLC), the thickness of 2.0-3.8mm, flatness board 0.05mm; tungsten alloy (heavy alloy; tungsten collimator ) protective tank - radioactive for medical mask on the wall; tungsten needle masks - masks for medical radioactive liquid; tungsten alloy memory - used to store radioactive material cans, boxes and other containers; quasi collimator - for medical linear accelerator and cyclotron; tungsten alloy container - for 60Co radiation therapy machine mask; γ camera tungsten collimator.




Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Brazed tungsten carbide cutting tools for its simple and compact structure, good rigidity, greater flexibility in use, adaptability and other characteristics, are used in precision machining, FMS, and other various metal cutting machining. tungsten carbide blade and shank is often used for brazing high frequency induction brazing and soldering flame. Because of the high frequency brazing method which has a heating speed, temperature, concentration, part distortion characteristics such as tungsten carbide welding process, a common method.

Commonly used tungsten carbide inserts tungsten carbide have YT5, YT15, YT30, YG3X, YN, etc. The physical properties of its linear expansion coefficient greater impact on weldability. Coefficient of linear expansion (4.2 ~ 7) × 10- 6 / ℃, tungsten carbide thermal conductivity of 0.08 to 0.21 cal / cm · sec · deg, which are important cause welding stress. tungsten carbide brazing filler metal of choice for HL105 solder. Because HL105 solder has good wetting and high weld strength, while HL105 solder temperature plastic, solder varied shapes, so HL105 (BCu58ZnMn) solder is the best brazed tungsten carbide cutting tools braze welding of materials. Solder before use to wipe with alcohol. tungsten carbide cutting tools at high frequency brazing flux if not fit, easy to form a brittle compound in solder joints junction. Therefore, when the brazing flux to be complex. Chemical composition of the high-frequency flux brazing of tungsten carbide cutting tools used are dehydrated borax (50%), boric acid (35%) and dehydrated potassium fluoride (15%).


 

Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Tungsten carbide cutting tools surface coating material must have a high hardness, wear resistance, chemical stability, does not react chemically with the workpiece material, heat resistant to oxidation, low coefficient of friction, as well as other requirements attached to a solid substrate. Clearly, a single coating material is difficult to meet the above requirements. So tungsten carbide coating material has been coated with a single initial TiC, TiN hard coatings, experienced TiC, TiN, AlO composite coating and development stage TiCN, TiAlN multiple composite coating film now has a diamond-coated layer, the tool coating performance has been greatly improved.

Tungsten carbide cutting tools coating materials, processes the most mature and most widely used is TiN. But TiN and TiC matrix bond strength is less than a coating easy to peel off, and the hardness of TiC is not as high, at higher cutting temperatures easily oxidized film is ablated. TiC coating has high hardness and wear resistance, oxidation resistance , but brittle, the impact of intolerance. TiC and TiN, TiCN both the advantages of the two materials, which in the coating process can be continuously changed by C, N component nature of control TiCN, and a multilayer structure formed of different components, can reduce the internal stress of the coating, to improve the toughness increase the thickness of the coating of tungsten carbide cutting tools to prevent crack propagation and reduce chipping.

Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Accelerate the development of "urban minerals"

"Eleventh Five-Year" period, non-ferrous metal industry basically solved the scale of the problem, "1025" period, non-ferrous metal industry specification will mainly solve the problem, continue to become bigger and stronger on the road to sustainable development.

The party's seventh session of the Fifth Plenary Session: To accelerate the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society, to improve the level of ecological civilization, and actively respond to global climate change, to develop the loop economy, enhance resource conservation and management. Intensify environmental protection, strengthen ecological protection and disaster prevention and mitigation system, enhance capacity for sustainable development. Non-ferrous metal is "urban minerals" an important part. The State Council issued the "non-ferrous metals industry restructuring and revitalization plan" is also clear: focus their efforts on recycling, vigorously develop the loop economy, accelerate the construction of the whole society, non-ferrous metal recycling system. This fully shows that "1025" period, non-ferrous metal industry promising.

China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association Recycling Metal Branch, the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, non-ferrous metal industry basically solved the scale of the problem, "1025" period, non-ferrous metal industry specification will mainly solve the problem, continue in sustainable development bigger and stronger on the road.

According to regenerate the "Eleventh Five-Year" period of non-ferrous metal industry development momentum in 2015, our main recycled metal production will reach 12 million tons, of which 3.8 million tons recycled copper, 5.8 million tons of recycled aluminum, secondary lead 2.4 million tons, accounting for then the proportion of copper, aluminum, lead production, respectively, 40%, 30%, 40%. Recycled copper, recycled aluminum industry form a group of more than 100,000 tons of large-scale enterprises, the secondary lead industry to form a group of more than 50,000 tons of large-scale enterprises. The top 10 industrial enterprises reached more than 50% concentration, fostered a number of key areas of industry cluster development, which accounted for more than 80 percent capacity.

According to reports, "1025" period, China will further optimize the layout of non-ferrous metal industry. Key support in Zhejiang, Guangdong, Shandong, Tianjin, Jiangxi and other regional development recycled copper, support Guangdong, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Shanghai, Henan and other regional development recycled aluminum, support, Anhui, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hubei and other areas of development of secondary lead. Meanwhile, in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Bohai Sea and the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone and other places to support expansion 200,000 tons recycled copper project 6-8, 200,000 tons of recycled aluminum items 8-10. In the north, central, northeast, the Yellow River Delta and other regions to support expansion from 50,000 to 100,000 tons recycled copper project 10, from 50,000 to 100,000 tons of recycled aluminum project 15, more than 50,000 tons Secondary Lead Project 10. Renovation and expansion of local support in the northwest 50,000 tons recycled copper project 2, 50,000 tons of recycled aluminum project 3.

By 2015, China's non-ferrous metal industry as a whole will significantly improve the standard of technical equipment. Dismantling the universal application of mechanization, the use of standards to further improve the classification. Metal recycling facility complete melting furnace and ancillary to the direction of the development, production and advanced technology can reach more than 80%. "1025" period will focus on breakthroughs in the field of renewable non-ferrous metal scrap non-ferrous metal pretreatment, smelting and energy saving technology and key equipment, a key technology to solve a number of metal recycling and energy saving technologies through technology integration and demonstration gradually establish a renewable non-ferrous metal industry, science and technology innovation system.




Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn
 

Tungsten carbide cutting tools hardness (HRA) is 89 to 94, much higher than the high-speed steel; at 540 ℃ hardness (HRA) is 82 to 87, and the hardness of high-speed steel normal temperature (HRA83 ~ 86) fairly, but also has good chemical stability, heat resistance advantages. The tungsten carbide cutting tools welding include:

4. After welding insulation. After welding insulation is an important process brazed tungsten carbide insulation directly affects the quality of the welds. Greater tendency to crack tungsten carbide (YT class), prohibits the newly welded tool contact with the influx of cold water and ground, nor with acute cold wind. Should generally be slow cooling in quartz sand, asbestos powder or aluminum silicate fiber box, the tool should be densely stacked in an incubator, to the workpiece by a lot of heat insulation and slow cooling.

5. Remove excess flux near the weld will have cooled after welding workpieces into boiling water, then sandblasted, you can completely remove excess weld flux and oxide and other dirt. Under the conditions permit, the workpiece can be placed in the pickling tank for pickling, cold water tank must be cleaned and heat sinks have been pickled.

6. Check the weld seam quality checks after brazing  Have been checking out the defective parts, can be re-heated soldering, but it should minimize the number of re-welding, to avoid tungsten carbide cutting tools due to repeated heating and affect the quality. Workpiece cracks have occurred should be removed at the crack of tungsten carbide cutting tools will analyze the causes and re-welded.

Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Tungsten carbide cutting tools hardness (HRA) is 89 to 94, much higher than the high-speed steel; at 540 ℃ hardness (HRA) is 82 to 87, and the hardness of high-speed steel normal temperature (HRA83 ~ 86) fairly, but also has good chemical stability, heat resistance advantages. The tungsten carbide cutting tools welding include:

1. welding preparation
Check whether there is oil and other foreign matter tungsten carbide blade, gasoline, alcohol or acetone; by piece check the blade there is no visible cracks, chipping and other defects. In addition to the tool body shape, size and check the knife blade slot is similar, the burr at the sipes must be thoroughly cleaned.

2. Welding
(1) Solder, flux flux solder coating put on the uniform should be coated release, should be filled with solder weld.
(2) Tool and the relative position of the tool sensor and the sensor relative to the unreasonable position, often local overheating, causing the blade, blade crack, it is necessary to control the relative position of the tool and the sensor.

3. Heat the high frequency brazing
When high-frequency heating brazing, soldering temperature and heating rate is the main process parameters affect the quality of welding brazing, heating rate is too high and too fast brazing temperature inside the tool generates great stress, easy to produce welding cracks and crack phenomenon. Low temperature affects the strength of the weld seam of brazing, heating rate is too slow grain growth caused by base metal, metal oxide and other undesirable phenomena. Such as heating too high as to cause evaporation of zinc and manganese oxide solders, causing slag and joint strength loss and other problems; the impact of low solder spreading.


 

Tungsten Carbide Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-carbide.com.cn
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn

Accelerate the pace of development and utilization

And exploitation of native non-ferrous mineral resources compared to 2010 China Nonferrous Metals Industry renewable energy savings equivalent to 17.19 million tons of standard coal, water and 1.32 billion cubic meters, reducing solid waste emissions 1.16 billion tons, 370,000 tons of sulfur dioxide emissions reduction.

In 2010, a series of favorable policies to encourage the country and demand driven, non-ferrous metal industry enterprises to accelerate investment in fixed assets, fixed assets investment in non-ferrous metals major regeneration species showing a rapid growth trend. On the one hand non-ferrous metal industry leaders continue to expand the existing production scale, on the other hand a number of new large-scale project under construction or have completed and commissioned. With the gradual production of key projects, non-ferrous metal industries in China will significantly increase industry concentration, industry restructuring and will significantly accelerate the pace of industrial upgrading.

Non-ferrous metals scrap recycling equipment research and development of key technologies will achieve a major breakthrough. Renewable resources by China Industrial Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance of National Science and Technology Support Program "typical use scrap metal loop product key technology and application research" project was officially launched in 2010. The project to regenerate the use of high-value, drive chain length, technical standards that require high scrap copper, aluminum easy open cans, scrap wire and cable, scrap metal, scrap tungsten alloy and other typical non-ferrous metal scrap recycling as the main research content the key breakthrough of scrap copper rod directly localization sets regenerative braking technology, easy-open cans relegation scrap reduction techniques, such as 45-55 key technologies developed easy-open cans scrap melting furnace, single roll decomposition of waste electrical utilization equipment, large quantities of small and medium sized bearing wear repair equipment and other key equipment 18-22 kinds to achieve 100% localization of key equipment. Implementation of the project, and will promote the regeneration of non-ferrous industrial upgrading to provide strong scientific support.

In 2010, Tianjin Ziya loop Economic Zone, Anhui Jieshou field camp loop Economy Industrial Zone, Hunan Miluo loop Economy Industrial Park, Guangdong Qingyuan Huaqing loop Economic Park, Ningbo Jintian Industrial Park and other parks selected non-ferrous metal the first national demonstration base mineral city. Yingtan, Jiangxi Copper dismantling Processing Zone, Liaoning (Donggang) Renewable Resources Industrial Park, Guangxi Wuzhou import renewable resources Processing Zone has passed the acceptance of Environmental Protection Department and other departments.

Zhejiang Taizhou metal recycling industry base, Tianjin Ziya loop economy industrial park, west loop renewable resources Lanzhou Industrial Park, Rudong import renewable resources processing zones, Hunan Miluo renewable resource recycling and processing bases, Yinchuan (Ling Wu) Renewable Resources loop economy demonstration areas, Ganzhou in Jiangxi Fengcheng recycled metal distribution market, Hubei Gokseong park renewable resources, recycled metal market Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Dalian renewable resource loop Industrial Park, Henan Ge day recycled metal markets were in a tight construction. At present, China's imports of renewable resources processing park and the number of regional distribution of renewable resources market has more than 30, the initial formation of the radiation of the import of renewable resources and domestic recycling network system, and will gradually become China's non-ferrous metal industry development of renewable raw materials supply base .




Tungsten Powder Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten-powder.com
Tel.: 86 592 5129696; Fax: 86 592 5129797
Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tungsten & Molybdenum Information Bank: http://i.chinatungsten.com
Tungsten News & Tungsten Prices, 3G Version: http://3g.chinatungsten.com
Molybdenum News & Molybdenum Price: http://news.molybdenum.com.cn