WO3-PEO electrochromic thin film can be prepared by the following two major processes. First, prepare the sol, and then prepare the doped electrochromic film. The specific steps are as follows.

WO3 can be prepared into a WO3 film, and then be applied for the production of a new electrochromic device. Wherein, the WO3 electrochromic film is the typical representative of the earliest and most studied cathode electrochromic material.

Tungsten trioxide is a typical cathode electrochromic material for preparing WO3 film, which has the advantages of large light modulation range, high color change efficiency and good cycle reversibility, so it can be used for producing a new electrochromic device. Wherein, WO3 and WO3 electrochromic film have been extensively studied.

WO3 powder has always been the most fully studied electrochromic material. However, there are still many problems in the preparation and practical application of large-area WO3 electrochromic thin films for assembling a large area electrochromic device. In other words, the production of large-area WO3 electrochromic devices and its promotion of practical applications still have a long way to go.

Tungsten trioxide powder may be used to study or assemble a large area electrochromic device such as a smart window (an energy-saving glass), to regulate the transmission of light, thereby reducing the cooling energy consumption of buildings. It is reported that such smart glass is in line with international environmental protection and energy conversation. Also, as the theme of environmental protection and energy conversation is deeply concerned by the public, the smart device of tungsten trioxide film will have a wide application.

Tungsten oxide powder may be used to prepare a smart device – a large area electrochromic device such as a large area smart window. As you may have known, smart technology has pervaded just about every aspect of daily life. For example, smart phones are ubiquitous. And it is believed that smart windows and many other smart devices in the home are becoming the norm.

WO3 powder can be used to make WO3 film, and then be used to produce a new electrochromic device that has been popular in the past, that is, an smart window, which is also known as an energy-saving window. It is the smart device in the home that is becoming the norm. Wherein, tungsten trioxide can be made into two types of films including crystalline tungsten trioxide film and amorphous tungsten trioxide film. So, what is the difference between the two films?

Yellow tungsten oxide powder can be made into an electrochromic film and then be used to produce a new electrochromic device. Experts say that so far, the discoloration mechanism of WO3 film is still not clear, so it is usually explained by one of these models including Deb model, Schirmer model and inter-valence charge transfer model. Among them, the Schirmer model is also called the small polaron model, and the inter-valence charge transfer model is also called the Fanghnan model or the double injection/extraction model.

Tungsten trioxide powder may be prepared into an electrochromic film and then be applied for preparing a new electrochromic device such as a smart glass, that is, an energy-saving glass. According to experts, the tungsten trioxide smart glass is a multi-layered device that is then laminated onto glass. When an electrical charge is delivered to the glass, it tints, shading occupants against sun or heat. When the voltage is reversed, the glass will clear.

Tungsten oxide powder can be first prepared into a film and then used to prepare a new electrochromic device. Wherein, the tungsten oxide film can be an amorphous tungsten oxide film and a crystalline tungsten oxide film. Some experts believed that the tungsten oxide film with a crystalline structure has a better discoloration effect as it is more advantageous to transport ions at the edge of the grain relaxation.